Preposition Dino

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against

靠着/贴着(接触并有支撑)

  • 发音 /əˈɡenst/。记忆:把 A “顶/靠”到 B 上(接触 + 受力/支撑)。
  • Against vs on:on 多在上表面;against 多贴着侧面,并带支撑/压力感(lean against a wall)。
  • 常用句型:be against + 名词(反对);against the rules(违反);against the clock(争分夺秒)。

视角控制

拖拽旋转 / 滚轮缩放 / 双指缩放

例句

空间介词例句

The ladder is against the wall.

梯子靠在墙上。

He leaned against the door.

他靠在门上。

They voted against the plan.

他们投票反对这个计划。

We are fighting against the disease.

我们正在对抗这种疾病。

It's against the rules to smoke here.

在这里抽烟是违反规定的。

We worked against the clock to finish on time.

我们争分夺秒赶进度,按时完成。

She put on sunscreen to protect her skin against the sun.

她涂了防晒霜,保护皮肤免受日晒。

相关介词

差异解析

against 的关键是“接触 + 倚靠/受力”。初学者常与 on、next to 混淆。

on

on 是在表面上(通常在上方并接触);against 是贴着侧面并有支撑/压力感。

onThe book is on the table.

书在桌子上(上表面)。

againstThe ladder is against the wall.

梯子靠在墙上(侧面贴靠)。

next to

next to 只表示在旁边(不一定接触);against 强调接触并贴靠。

next toThe chair is next to the wall.

椅子在墙边(不一定挨着)。

againstThe chair is against the wall.

椅子紧贴墙(接触)。

in front of

in front of 是相对位置(前方);against 是贴靠接触(可在任何方向)。

in front ofThe chair is in front of the wall.

椅子在墙前方(不强调接触)。

againstThe chair is against the wall.

椅子贴着墙(强调接触)。

快速判断问句(决策树)

  • 这是“贴着/靠着”某个表面,并有支撑/受力的感觉吗?

    是 -> 用 against(The ladder is against the wall.)。

  • 你只是表达“在表面上方并接触”(在桌面/地面上)吗?

    是 -> 用 on(on the table / on the floor)。

  • 你只是想说“在旁边/附近”,不一定接触吗?

    是 -> 用 next to/near;against 强调接触。

  • 句子在表达“反对/对抗”吗?

    是 -> 仍用 against(vote against / fight against / against the rules)。

  • 你要表达的是“撞到/碰到”某物吗?

    是 -> 也常用 against(He bumped his head against the door.)。

常见词组组合

空间贴靠

against the wall

靠墙/贴着墙

against the door

靠着门

against the window

贴着窗户

against the glass

贴着玻璃

against the fence

靠着栅栏

against the corner

靠在角落/墙角

常用动词

lean against

倚靠在……上

press against

压在/贴在……上

rest against

靠着(休息/支撑)

push against

顶/推着

hold against

按住/贴住

bang against

撞到/敲到

扩展:反对/对抗

vote against

投反对票

fight against

对抗/反抗

be against the rules

违反规则

against the law

违法

against the odds

逆势/困难重重

against my better judgment

明知不妥仍去做

常见错误

不建议: The ladder is on the wall.

建议: The ladder is against the wall.

原因: 梯子不是“在墙上方表面”,而是贴靠墙面(侧面接触),用 against。

不建议: He stood next to the door and pushed it.(想表达“用力顶着门”)

建议: He stood against the door and pushed.

原因: next to 只是旁边;表达身体贴靠/施力更适合用 against。

不建议: I am against the table.(想表达“我在桌子旁边”)

建议: I am next to the table.

原因: against 表示贴着接触;只是位置在旁边且不强调接触,用 next to。

不建议: I am against to the idea.

建议: I am against the idea.

原因: against 后面直接接名词/名词短语:be against + noun。

微测验

题目 1

选择正确的介词:The ladder is ___ the wall.

请选择答案

题目 2

选择正确的介词:He leaned ___ the door.

请选择答案

题目 3

选择正确的介词:It's ___ the rules to smoke here.

请选择答案

高频问答

against 是什么意思?+

against 常表示“贴着/靠着”(接触并有支撑或压力)。例句:The ladder is against the wall.(梯子靠在墙上。)

against 和 on 的区别是什么?+

on 在表面上方并接触(on the table);against 多是贴着侧面(against the wall)。

against 和 next to 的区别是什么?+

next to 只是旁边(不一定接触);against 强调接触并贴靠/受力。

lean against 怎么用?+

表示“倚靠在……上”:He leaned against the door.(他靠在门上。)

against 还能表示“反对”吗?+

可以。vote against(投反对票)、fight against(对抗)、against the rules(违反规则)。

against 的高频搭配有哪些?+

against the wall/door, lean against, press against, push against, against the rules, against the law。

against 用于时间表达吗?+

不用于 on Monday 这类基础时间表达,但有固定搭配 against the clock,表示“争分夺秒/在时限压力下”。

如何快速记住 against?+

想成“把 A 挤到 B 上”:接触 + 压力/支撑(against the wall)。