Preposition Dino

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as

as是“also”(也)的缩略形式,在古英语中等于“all so”(全部如此),其包含的两层含义,“相似”加“相伴随”。第一、“相似”。“全部如此”表示大家在某个方面存在共同点、相似之处。比如大家都喜欢吃苹果,我们的喜好相似。第二,“一起”“相伴随”。“全部如此”表示主体不止一个,处于彼此相伴随的状态。比如我们全部都要去上学,那么我们相伴而行,一起去上学。

  • 先抓住两个核心感觉:相似、相伴随。
  • 从“相似”能走到 as ... as,也能走到“作为……身份/功能”的用法。
  • 从“相伴随”能走到“当……时”、较轻的“因为”,以及正式的让步结构。

视角控制

拖拽旋转 / 滚轮缩放 / 双指缩放

例句

抽象用法例句

This room is as quiet as the library.

这个房间和图书馆一样安静。

We used the bench as a temporary table.

我们把长凳当临时桌子用。

As the children grew older, they became more independent.

随着孩子们长大,他们变得更独立了。

As it was already midnight, we went straight home.

因为已经是半夜了,我们就直接回家了。

Tired as he was, he kept working.

虽然他很累,他还是继续工作。

相关介词

as 的意思为什么能串起来

不要把 as 的每一种用法都当成彼此无关的规则去背。先抓住一个核心感觉,再看英语怎样沿着这条线往外延伸,会更容易真正掌握它。

核心感觉

可以把 as 理解成一种接近 “all so / also” 的学习模型:大家都如此,所以会有“相似”;事情一起如此,所以会有“相伴随”。这就形成了 as 的两条主线:相似、相伴随。

相似 -> 比较

如果两个东西在某一点上“同样如此”,英语就能用 as ... as 把它们放在同一条刻度上比较。

  • as quiet as the library
  • as carefully as she could

相似 / 视作同类 -> 身份、功能、用途

如果某物被当成某种身份、类型或用途来看,英语就会用 as 标出它“在这里算作什么”。

  • work as a teacher
  • use the bench as a table

相伴随 -> 时间伴随

当一件事发生的时候,另一件事也伴随着发生,as 就能表示“当……时 / 随着……”。

  • As I was leaving, the phone rang.
  • As the sun went down, the air grew colder.

相伴随 -> 原因背景

如果一个情况在背景中伴随出现,并顺便解释了结果,as 就可以表示较轻的“因为”。

  • As it was getting late, we took a taxi home.
  • As no one objected, the plan went ahead.

相伴随但不阻止结果 -> 让步

正式表达里,即使某种情况伴随着存在,结果仍然照样发生,这时可以用倒装的 as 让步结构。

  • Young as she is, she speaks with great confidence.
  • Try as he might, he could not move it.

这里的 “all so / also” 不是在做严格历史语言学考据,而是一个帮助学习者把多种用法串成一条线的记忆模型。

差异解析

学 as 最好的方法,不是把每个意思硬拆开背,而是看它们怎样从一个核心感觉往外长出来。它可以表示相等比较,也可以表示身份/用途、时间伴随、较轻的原因和正式让步。

like

like 主要说“像……一样”;as 可以表示 as ... as 的相等比较,也能表示身份/功能,如 work as a teacher、use it as a guide。

likeShe looks like her sister.

她看起来像她姐姐。

asShe works as her sister's assistant.

她担任她姐姐的助理。

because

because 直接给出原因;as 更常给出背景性、语气较轻的原因说明。

becauseWe stayed inside because it was storming.

因为暴风雨,我们待在室内。

asAs it was storming, we stayed inside.

由于当时正下着暴风雨,我们就待在室内。

when / while

when 比较中性地标出时间点;while 更强调两个动作持续同时发生;as 常带有“一个过程伴随着另一个过程”的感觉。

whenWhen I opened the door, the cat ran out.

当我开门时,猫跑了出去。

asAs I opened the door, the cat ran out.

我开门的同时,猫跑了出去。

although / though

although / though 是最普通的让步表达;as 也能表示“虽然”,但通常出现在更正式的倒装结构里,如 Tired as he was ...。

althoughAlthough he was tired, he kept working.

虽然他累了,他还是继续工作。

asTired as he was, he kept working.

虽然他很累,他还是继续工作。

常见词组组合

比较结构

as soon as possible

尽快

as carefully as possible

尽可能仔细地

as much as I can

尽我所能地

as far as I know

据我所知

as long as you like

你想多久都行

as good as new

几乎跟新的一样

身份 / 用途

work as a teacher

当老师工作

serve as a reminder

起提醒作用

act as a guide

充当向导

use it as a tool

把它当工具用

see it as a chance

把它看作机会

describe him as calm

把他描述为冷静

从句模式

as I was leaving

当我正要离开时

as the sun rose

随着太阳升起

as it was late

因为已经晚了

as no one objected

因为没人反对

tired as he was

虽然他很累

try as he might

尽管他怎么努力

常见错误

不建议: She is as her sister.

建议: She is like her sister. / She is as tall as her sister.

原因: 单纯表示“像”,通常用 like;as 用在 as ... as 的相等比较,或“作为……身份/用途”时更自然。

不建议: We used the bench like a table.

建议: We used the bench as a table.

原因: 这里重点是“长凳承担了桌子的功能”,所以更自然的是 use ... as ...。

不建议: As he was tired, but he kept working.

建议: Although he was tired, he kept working. / Tired as he was, he kept working.

原因: 不要把表示原因的 as 和另一个转折标记硬拼在一起。要么用 although/though,要么用正式倒装的 as 让步结构。

微测验

题目 1

This bag is ___ heavy as the old one.

请选择答案

题目 2

She worked ___ an interpreter during the meeting.

请选择答案

题目 3

___ I was walking home, I saw the lights go out.

请选择答案

高频问答

as 到底是介词还是连词?+

两者都可以。它既能出现在 work as a teacher 这种身份/功能结构里,也能引导表示时间、原因和正式让步的从句。

as 和 like 的区别是什么?+

like 通常表示“像……一样”;as 可以表示 as ... as 的相等比较,也可以表示“作为……身份/用途”。

为什么 as 会有“因为”的意思?+

因为某个情况在背景中伴随着另一个结果出现时,它不仅共存,还会顺带解释这个结果,所以 as 可以引出较轻的原因。

as 怎么表示时间?+

当一个动作和另一个动作同时或伴随发生时,as 可以表示“当……时 / 随着……”。例如:As I was leaving, the phone rang.

as ... as 和 as 的核心意思有什么关系?+

它们都来自“相似 / 同样如此”这条主线。两个东西如果在某一点上同样如此,就能用 as ... as 来比较。